With my colleague at the Basel Institute, Senior Research Fellow Jacopo Costa, and Lucy Koechlin, Senior Lecturer at the University of Basel, we set about answering these questions with the help our local researchers Danstan Mukono and Robert Lugolobi in Tanzania and Uganda.
What are the implications for anti-corruption practice?Ĭase studies: snapshots of corruption from a network lens. What unwritten expectations, understandings and norms govern such networks?. What roles and functions do different individuals have within the networks?. How, why and by whom are these networks built?. Are distinct types of informal networks associated with particular types of corruption?. It is becoming increasingly clear that anti-corruption practitioners need to pay more attention to networks, not only individuals.īut a lot of questions still remained to be answered. Rather, corrupt behaviour takes place according to unwritten rules and through informal social networks that connect the public and private sectors. The evidence from this project highlighted that corruption is usually not the result of individual “rotten apples” acting in isolation to abuse their entrusted power for private gain. Our two-year research project, part of the UK Aid-funded Global Integrity Anti-Corruption Evidence Programme (GI-ACE), builds on our previous extensive research project on informal governance across seven countries. Exploring informal networks and corruption Often more important, and far less studied, are the informal social networks that connect private individuals and public officials. 
His words encapsulate something we see time and again in our research on corruption: that bribery is far more than just a brute monetary transaction. “Without people or connections you won’t reach anywhere,” said a Tanzanian businessman participating in our recently completed research project on informal networks and corruption. We will know more about this particular situation with time and hopefully, our young attacker is back soon as we challenge for trophies on five fronts this season.Bila watu hufiki popote.
Speaking after the game, Tuchel claimed that Kai was in ‘huge pain’ (h/t Mirror). It wasn’t his natural position but he adapted pretty well to it. Without a viable alternative, the German manager opted for Kai to feature in the centre forward role. The west Londoners’ two first-choice front men Romelu Lukaku and Timo Werner suffered injuries and were sidelined for several games.
Transfer News: Chelsea set ultimatum over selling Timo Werner and Hakim Ziyech to Barcelona in January. Chelsea are keen to reward Edouard Mendy with a lucrative new contract. Transfer News: Liverpool join Chelsea in the race to sign Barcelona ace Ronald Araujo. Nonetheless, the 22-year-old player’s impact during this campaign has been more significant than the previous season, given the role he adapted to. Furthermore, he scored the winning goal against Manchester City that secured the coveted Champions League title. He had a significant influence on Chelsea’s success last season. Kai Havertz has been an exceptional player under Thomas Tuchel. Kai Havertz has become a key member of the Chelsea squad. It will be more transparent in the coming days. 
The exact nature and severity of the injury are not known.
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